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Flag of Peru

The "La Bicolor"

South America
34.4M
1825
Flag of Peru
PE | 2:3

Official Palette

Symbolism

Red represents the blood shed for independence, and white represents peace and justice. The coat of arms (when present) features a vicuña, a cinchona tree, and a cornucopia spilling coins, representing the country's fauna, flora, and mineral wealth.

History

Adopted on February 25, 1825. Designed by José de San Martín, its initial diagonal layout was changed to a vertical triband to avoid confusion with the Spanish cross from a distance.

Construction

A 2:3 ratio. A vertical triband of red, white, and red. The state flag includes the coat of arms in the center.

Color Meanings

red: The blood shed by heroes for independence
white: Peace, justice, and purity

Country Facts

Population
34.4M

7.9% of South America

Capital
Lima
Languages
Spanish, Quechua, Aymara
Continent
South America
Subregion
Andes
Landlocked
No
Borders
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ISO 3166-1
PE

Flag Identification

Adopted
February 25, 1825
Designer
José de San Martín
Proportions

2:3 (≈1.500)

23
Primary Layout
Vertical bands
Key Symbols
Emblem, Animal, Plant

Influences

Flamingos seen by José de San Martín
Cross of Burgundy

Related flags

Flag Protocol

  • The version with the coat of arms is used by government institutions
  • The plain version (National Ensign) is used by civilians

Practice

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